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- b-lactoglobulin binds retinol (vitamin A) and promotes uptake
of retinol via gut; by a similar mechanism it may also facilitate the
uptake of long-chain fatty acids
- a-lactoalbumin kills tumour cells (in vitro) and exerts
anti-bacterial effects in the upper respiratory systems; it has also
been shown to have protective effects on gastric mucosa.
 |
Table 1: Content
of minor bioactive proteins in whey concentrates (levels are probably
lower in iso- and hydrolysates | values from Smithers. 2008) and the
lactalbumin fractions. Since the major proteins in whey (not listed
here) can form bonds with albumin (Havea. 2001), whey is another case,
where an increase in processing may lead to a decrease in beneficial
biological activity. |
lactoferrin regulates the absorption of iron via gut; it will
inhibit the growth of various bacteria and regulates immunological
response of immunocomponent cells
- serum albumin binds and carries fatty acids and bile pigment
- immuno-globulin G involves with bactericidal (anti-bacterial)
effects with complements and prevents bacteria from adhering to
tissues; neutralizes toxins and viruses
- immuno-globulin A inhibits growth of various bacteria by
condensing them; prevents bacteria from adhering to the surface of
mucosa; neutralizes toxins produced by viruses and bacteria.
- immuno-globulin M has the same effects as IgG, but its bioactivity is stronger
- lactoperoxidase catalyzes the reaction of producing cyanogen
ion with strong bactericidal power from cyanic ion and hydrogen peroxide
in the body
- lysozyme kills bacteria by destroying cell walls
References:
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plasma amino acid profiles, gastrointestinal hormone secretion and
appetite." British Journal of Nutrition 89.02 (2003): 239-248.
- Havea, Palatasa, Harjinder Singh, and Lawrence K. Creamer.
"Characterization of heat-induced aggregates of β-lactoglobulin,
α-lactalbumin and bovine serum albumin in a whey protein concentrate
environment." Journal of Dairy Research 68.03 (2001): 483-497.
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virus infection in cultured human hepatocytes." Biochemical and
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sum of the other large neutral amino acids and improves cognitive
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